Magneto-optical non-reciprocal devices in silicon photonics
Citation
Yuya Shoji and Tetsuya Mizumoto, "Magneto-optical non-reciprocal devices in silicon photonics," Sci. Technol. Adv. Mater., 15, 014602 (2014), doi:10.1088/1468-6996/15/1/014602
Keywords
- Magneto-optical non-reciprocal devices
- Silicon photonics
- Silicon waveguide
- Magneto-optical effect
- Non-reciprocal phase shift
- Optical isolator
- Optical circulator
- Magneto-optical garnet
- Direct bonding
- Silicon-on-insulator (SOI)
- Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI)
- 3 dB directional coupler
- Wavelength of 1550 nm (and other wavelengths like 1548 nm and 1531 nm)
- Isolation
- Insertion loss
- Polarization independent isolator
- Ring resonator
- Faraday rotation
- Epitaxial growth
- Plasma irradiation
- Bonding strength
- Magnetostatic field
Brief
This article reviews the development of magneto-optical non-reciprocal devices, such as isolators and circulators, integrated into silicon photonic waveguides by utilizing the magneto-optical phase shift achieved through integrating magneto-optical garnet material, often via direct bonding, to enable unidirectional light propagation.
Summary
This article reviews the progress in magneto-optical non-reciprocal devices like isolators and circulators integrated into silicon photonic waveguides. These devices are achieved by using the non-reciprocal phase shift from the magneto-optical effect, typically by direct bonding of magneto-optical garnet crystals onto silicon waveguides. A silicon waveguide optical isolator with 30 dB isolation at 1548 nm and a four-port optical circulator with maximum isolations of 15.3 and 9.3 dB at 1531 nm have been demonstrated. This integration is essential for protecting optical devices and creating highly functional photonic circuits in silicon. The review also discusses the surface activated direct bonding technique used for integrating the garnet material.
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